Sensing, Timing & Navigation

Radar & Radiofrequency Sensing

The capacity to sense with radio: radar across bands and apertures, passive radio-frequency sensing, and the detection technologies that find what moves, including the fastest things that fly.

Capability group
Sensing, Timing & Navigation
Domain
Critical Technology · Hard Power
Identifier
factbase.org/cap/R5W4QQ0Y0W
Reference
Radar Wikipedia

Papers

48.2k

2020–2024

Paper growth

+15%

2020–24 on 2015–19

Patent families

53.2k

2020–2024

Filed abroad

25%

families in more than one office

In the framework

What the capability covers and what it leaves to others, and the indicators it will be measured by.

Bounds

Covers radar and radio-frequency sensing technology, holding the sensing residue of the retired hypersonic tracking node; the defensive systems that act on the track belong to National Security's shields, and electronic warfare to its electromagnetic capability, with the shared radio-frequency technology base read here.

Lineage

Carried from v0.0 (formerly Radar) with the same identifier, absorbing the sensing residue of Hypersonic detection and tracking (retired): detection of extreme targets is radar capacity at its edge, and the defence system built on it is another domain's capability.

Indicators

  • research publication share in radarResearch
  • advanced radar systems in productionPending
  • radar export deliveriesPending

Research

Papers classified to the capability, by year and by the nation of their authors' institutions, 2020–2024. Read from the v0.0 research topics Radar and Hypersonic detection and tracking.

Papers by year

The five leading nations, papers by year

Share of papers, 2020–2024

Of papers with a known author nation; 21% have none and are left out.

  1. 1China40.1%18,076 papers
  2. 2United States10.0%4,507 papers
  3. 3India5.0%2,254 papers
  4. 4Germany4.2%1,917 papers
  5. 5Italy4.0%1,789 papers
  6. 6United Kingdom3.6%1,614 papers
  7. 7Japan2.4%1,083 papers
  8. 8South Korea2.2%981 papers
  9. 9Canada2.0%888 papers
  10. 10Russia1.9%843 papers

Leading institutions, 2020–2024

By fractional count: each paper divided among its authors' institutions.

  1. 1Xidian University1,347fractional papers
  2. 2University of Electronic Science and Technology of China1,330fractional papers
  3. 3National University of Defense Technology975fractional papers
  4. 4Beijing Institute of Technology720fractional papers
  5. 5Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics440fractional papers
  6. 6Harbin Institute of Technology400fractional papers
  7. 7Nanjing University of Science and Technology375fractional papers
  8. 8Air Force Engineering University366fractional papers
  9. 9Beihang University333fractional papers
  10. 10Chinese Academy of Sciences328fractional papers

Patents

Patent families by the nation of origin of their applicants and their earliest priority year, from the CPC and IPC classes the capability is read from. 2025 onwards is incomplete: families are published 18 months after priority.

Families by priority year

The five leading origins, families by year

9,056 applicants filed here in 2015–2024; the five largest held 10% of families (HHI 38 of 10,000: unconcentrated).

Share of families by origin, 2020–2024

  1. 1China63.8%33,976 families
  2. 2United States8.5%4,545 families
  3. 3South Korea7.4%3,916 families
  4. 4Japan6.3%3,379 families
  5. 5Germany5.9%3,148 families
  6. 6France1.1%576 families
  7. 7Sweden0.8%449 families
  8. 8Netherlands0.8%423 families
  9. 9Taiwan0.8%408 families
  10. 10Switzerland0.4%236 families

Applicants filing most internationally, 2015–2024

Families filed in more than one office, by applicant as the offices name them.

  1. 1BOSCH GMBH ROBERT856international families
  2. 2QUALCOMM INC828international families
  3. 3HUAWEI TECH CO LTD721international families
  4. 4MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP547international families
  5. 5SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD498international families
  6. 6DENSO CORP456international families
  7. 7GM GLOBAL TECH OPERATIONS LLC369international families
  8. 8NXP BV368international families
  9. 9APTIV TECH LTD353international families
  10. 10INFINEON TECHNOLOGIES AG321international families

Classification read

  • G01S13/00 Radar systems · 679.9k documents
  • G01S7/02 Radar components, signal processing and countermeasures · 301.8k documents
  • G01S3/02 Radio direction finding, including passive sensing · 37.6k documents
  • G01V3/12 Detecting objects with electromagnetic waves · 12.5k documents

Shares inventions with

Capabilities whose classes the same families also fall in, by overlap (Jaccard).

Companies

50 companies in this capability, across 8 regions. The leading 12:

  1. 1RTXRaytheon builds the AN/SPY-6 naval AESA family, the Patriot/LTAMDS air-defence radars and the AN/TPY-2 missile-defence radar, the world's largest radar franchise.Design
  2. 2Lockheed MartinMakes the Aegis AN/SPY-1 and AN/SPY-7 solid-state radars, the TPY-4 ground surveillance radar and the Long Range Discrimination Radar for US missile defence.Design
  3. 3Northrop GrummanLeading airborne AESA supplier: AN/APG-81 (F-35), AN/APG-83 SABR (F-16), MESA (E-7) and the AN/TPS-80 G/ATOR ground radar.Design
  4. 4ThalesEurope's largest radar maker: Ground Master air-defence radars, SMART-L and Sea Fire naval radars, the RBE2 AESA for Rafale and civil air-traffic radars.Design
  5. 5China Electronics Technology Group (CETC)China's main radar developer through its 14th (Nanjing) and 38th (Hefei) institutes, producing AESA fighter radars (KLJ-7), JY-27 counter-stealth VHF radars and AEW&C radars.Design
  6. 6LeonardoBuilds the ECRS Mk2 and Captor-E radars for Eurofighter, Kronos naval and land AESA radars and Seaspray/Osprey airborne surveillance radars.Design
  7. 7Israel Aerospace Industries (ELTA Systems)Its ELTA subsidiary makes the EL/M-2084 Iron Dome/David's Sling MMR, EL/M-2080 Green Pine and EL/M-2052 fighter AESA radars, exported worldwide.Design
  8. 8SaabMakes the Giraffe and Sea Giraffe radar family, Arthur weapon-locating radar and the Erieye ER radar for GlobalEye airborne early warning.Design
  9. 9HensoldtGermany's radar champion, making TRML-4D (used in IRIS-T SLM), TRS-4D naval radars, Twinvis passive radar and co-developing the Eurofighter ECRS Mk1.Design
  10. 10Robert BoschOne of the largest automotive radar suppliers, with tens of millions of mid- and long-range radar sensors shipped, and the top international patent applicant in radar.Manufacture
  11. 11L3Harris TechnologiesBuilds space-based missile-tracking sensors (HBTSS), maritime surveillance radars and RF sensing payloads, and is a major RF-sensor and electronic-sensing integrator.Design
  12. 12Almaz-AnteyRussia's air-defence concern, producing the 91N6 and 92N6 radars for S-400/S-500 and the Nebo-M counter-stealth VHF/UHF radar complex.Design
All 50 in the Companies table →