Connectivity, Cyber & Trust Technologies

Resilient & Infrastructure-Independent Networks

The capacity to communicate when infrastructure fails or is denied: mesh and self-organising networks, undersea and hostile-environment communication, and links that need no fixed network.

Capability group
Connectivity, Cyber & Trust Technologies
Domain
Critical Technology · Hard Power
Identifier
factbase.org/cap/Q2BGP4XP0S
Reference
Mesh networking Wikipedia

Papers

14k

2020–2024

Paper growth

−33%

2020–24 on 2015–19

Patent families

13.6k

2020–2024

Filed abroad

25%

families in more than one office

In the framework

What the capability covers and what it leaves to others, and the indicators it will be measured by.

Bounds

Covers infrastructure-independent communication technology, absorbing the undersea node; military employment sits with National Security's command and communications capability, and civil resilience use with the resilience domain.

Lineage

Carried from v0.0 (formerly Mesh and infrastructure independent networks) with the same identifier, absorbing Advanced undersea wireless communication (retired): both nodes hold one capacity, communication without or beyond infrastructure, distinguished only by medium.

Indicators

  • research publication share in resilient networkingResearch
  • mesh and tactical network systems fieldedPending

Research

Papers classified to the capability, by year and by the nation of their authors' institutions, 2020–2024. Read from the v0.0 research topics Mesh and infrastructure independent networks and Advanced undersea wireless communication.

Papers by year

The five leading nations, papers by year

Share of papers, 2020–2024

Of papers with a known author nation; 27% have none and are left out.

  1. 1India21.4%2,698 papers
  2. 2China19.9%2,502 papers
  3. 3United States7.3%925 papers
  4. 4Saudi Arabia2.9%364 papers
  5. 5Japan2.8%358 papers
  6. 6United Kingdom2.6%324 papers
  7. 7Pakistan2.6%323 papers
  8. 8South Korea2.4%304 papers
  9. 9Malaysia2.1%259 papers
  10. 10Iraq2.0%252 papers

Leading institutions, 2020–2024

By fractional count: each paper divided among its authors' institutions.

  1. 1Harbin Engineering University86fractional papers
  2. 2Anna University, Chennai80fractional papers
  3. 3Vellore Institute of Technology University71fractional papers
  4. 4Northwestern Polytechnical University68fractional papers
  5. 5Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications58fractional papers
  6. 6SRM Institute of Science and Technology56fractional papers
  7. 7Chandigarh University45fractional papers
  8. 8Xiamen University43fractional papers
  9. 9Zhejiang University40fractional papers
  10. 10Tianjin University26fractional papers

Patents

Patent families by the nation of origin of their applicants and their earliest priority year, from the CPC and IPC classes the capability is read from. 2025 onwards is incomplete: families are published 18 months after priority.

Families by priority year

The five leading origins, families by year

4,853 applicants filed here in 2015–2024; the five largest held 11% of families (HHI 40 of 10,000: unconcentrated).

Share of families by origin, 2020–2024

  1. 1China68.2%9,312 families
  2. 2United States10.9%1,484 families
  3. 3Japan5.9%806 families
  4. 4South Korea5.8%790 families
  5. 5Germany1.4%189 families
  6. 6India1.0%135 families
  7. 7Taiwan0.8%110 families
  8. 8France0.7%96 families
  9. 9Finland0.7%90 families
  10. 10Netherlands0.6%77 families

Applicants filing most internationally, 2015–2024

Families filed in more than one office, by applicant as the offices name them.

  1. 1HUAWEI TECH CO LTD376international families
  2. 2SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD365international families
  3. 3QUALCOMM INC285international families
  4. 4ERICSSON TELEFON AB L M184international families
  5. 5LG ELECTRONICS INC178international families
  6. 6CANON KK141international families
  7. 7MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP110international families
  8. 8VIVO MOBILE COMMUNICATION CO LTD103international families
  9. 9SIGNIFY HOLDING BV93international families
  10. 10NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY92international families

Classification read

  • H04W84/18 Self-organising, ad-hoc, mesh and sensor networks · 133.3k documents
  • H04B13/02 Communication through the earth or through water · 7.6k documents
  • H04B11/00 Acoustic communication, including underwater · 10.6k documents
  • H04B7/22 Scatter-propagation radio links · 2.1k documents

Shares inventions with

Capabilities whose classes the same families also fall in, by overlap (Jaccard).

Companies

50 companies in this capability, across 8 regions. The leading 12:

  1. 1L3Harris TechnologiesLargest supplier of tactical radios and mesh-capable waveforms (AN/PRC-163/167 Falcon IV, TSM/ANW2), the backbone of US and allied infrastructure-independent tactical networks.Manufacture
  2. 2SpaceXOperates Starlink, the largest LEO constellation, with laser inter-satellite links and direct-to-cell service that provide connectivity independent of terrestrial infrastructure, proven in Ukraine and disasters.Operation
  3. 3Motorola SolutionsLeading mission-critical LMR/TETRA/P25 vendor that in 2025 acquired Silvus Technologies, maker of StreamCaster MN-MIMO mobile ad hoc mesh radios used widely on drones and soldiers.Manufacture
  4. 4HuaweiTop international patent applicant in this field (sidelink, relay, self-organising and non-terrestrial network standards) and supplier of emergency and satellite-messaging capable network equipment and handsets.Research
  5. 5ThalesSupplies SYNAPS and PR4G software-defined tactical radios, CONTACT programme radios and satellite payloads for resilient military and public-safety mesh networks.Manufacture
  6. 6Elbit SystemsMakes E-LynX software-defined MANET radios and tactical networking systems fielded by Israel and numerous NATO and Asian armies.Manufacture
  7. 7QualcommMajor patent holder and chip designer for 3GPP sidelink (C-V2X/ProSe), relay and NTN satellite-to-phone technology enabling device-to-device links without fixed networks.Design
  8. 8Rohde & SchwarzSupplies SOVERON software-defined tactical radios and wideband MANET waveforms for the German D-LBO digitisation programme and other armed forces.Manufacture
  9. 9Samsung ElectronicsSecond-largest international patent applicant in this capability, developing sidelink, NTN satellite-modem and device-to-device standards technology.Research
  10. 10EricssonLeading 3GPP contributor on integrated access backhaul, sidelink and NTN, and supplier of deployable mission-critical and tactical 5G networks.Research
  11. 11NokiaSupplies portable 'network-in-a-box' private LTE/5G for disaster and defence use and holds a large patent portfolio on self-organising networks.Manufacture
  12. 12Persistent SystemsMakes the MPU5 radio and Wave Relay MANET, one of the most widely fielded mobile ad hoc mesh systems with US special operations and Army forces.Manufacture
All 50 in the Companies table →